突破创新,口服GLP-1RA先行者——司美格鲁肽片剂
编者按:之前上海瑞金医院的王卫庆教授在本刊通过两篇文章为大家介绍了多肽类药物如何突破壁垒成为口服多肽[详见本刊2021年12月10日“口服多肽,曙光初现”篇],以及司美格鲁肽如何在SNAC的助力下从注射制剂成为全球第一个真正意义上的口服肽类药物(第一个口服给药的胰高糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(GLP-1RA))[详见本刊2022年1月14日“SNAC——司美格鲁肽从注射到口服的助力武器”篇]。那么,作为口服片剂的司美格鲁肽,其有效性和安全性究竟如何呢?它是否能延续司美格鲁肽注射制剂显著降糖、多重代谢获益的战绩呢?今天本刊再次邀请到来自上海瑞金医院的王卫庆教授,为大家梳理司美格鲁肽片剂在人体的系列临床试验数据,包括药代动力学研究、量效关系曲线及在2型糖尿病患者中应用的有效性和安全性结果。
一、殊途同归——给药途径不同,量效关系一致
促进司美格鲁肽单体化,使其渗透性更强;
SNAC具有亲脂性,可有效地插入到胃上皮的细胞膜中,改变胆固醇磷脂和蛋白质固有的完整性,进而影响细胞膜的流动性[1],促进渗透;
SNAC在胃内有效增加司美格鲁肽分子周围局部pH值,防止胃蛋白酶对多肽的降解,在细胞膜表面借助浓度梯度使司美格鲁肽穿透胃黏膜后吸收入血[2]。
图1. 司美格鲁肽片剂与皮下注射司美格鲁肽药效动力学曲线
①每天一次7mg/14mg口服司美格鲁肽片剂分别与每周一次0.5mg/1.0mg皮下注射的司美格鲁肽达到相似的血药浓度。
②口服途径和皮下注射途径的司美格鲁肽量效曲线完全一致,表现为:在相同的血药浓度下,口服途径和皮下注射途径的司美格鲁肽,降糖、减重疗效和胃肠道反应的发生率均相当。
二、应用广泛——司美格鲁肽片剂适用于不同人群
图2. 司美格鲁肽片剂给药达稳态后24小时血药浓度曲线
图3. 司美格鲁肽片剂对联合使用药物药代动力学参数的影响
注:AUC:曲线下面积、bc:基线-相关性、CI:置信区间、Cmax:血药峰浓度、PK:药代动力学。
三、延续辉煌——降糖、减重、代谢获益、心血管安全,一个都不曾少
未来诺和诺德医学咨询平台会为大家逐一展示PIONEER系列研究的具体数据。(扫码下发二维码即可
图4. PIONEER系列研究概览
图5. PIONEER系列研究司美格鲁肽片剂降糖效果概览
图6. PIONEER系列研究司美格鲁肽片剂减重效果概览
图7. PIONEER 6研究证实司美格鲁肽片剂不增加MACE风险
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